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The ''Peresvet'' class was a group of three pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Russian Navy around the end of the 19th century. and were transferred to the Pacific Squadron upon completion and based at Port Arthur from 1901 and 1903, respectively. All three ships were lost by the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05; ''Peresvet'' and ''Pobeda'' participated in the Battles of Port Arthur and the Yellow Sea and were sunk during the Siege of Port Arthur. ''Oslyabya'', the third ship, sailed to the Far East with the 2nd Pacific Squadron to relieve the Russian forces blockaded in Port Arthur and was sunk at the Battle of Tsushima with the loss of over half her crew. ''Peresvet'' and ''Pobeda'' were salvaged after the Japanese captured Port Arthur and incorporated into the Imperial Japanese Navy. ''Peresvet'' was sold back to the Russians during World War I and sank after hitting German mines in the Mediterranean in early 1917 while ''Pobeda'', renamed ''Suwo'', participated in the Battle of Tsingtao in late 1914. She became a gunnery training ship in 1917. The ship was disarmed in 1922 to comply with the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty and probably scrapped around that time. ==Design and description== In the last half of the 19th century, the Imperial Russian Navy had decided that a ''guerre de course'' (commerce-raiding) strategy was its only effective means of attacking the British Empire if war broke out. They built a series of fast, long-range, armored cruisers like and to implement their strategy and the British responded by building the second-class battleships of the to defeat the cruisers. The Russians countered with the three ships of the ''Peresvet'' class that were designed to support their armored cruisers. This role placed a premium on high speed and long range at the expense of heavy armament and armor.〔McLaughlin 2003, p. 108〕 As was common with Russian ships of the time, changes were made while the ships were under construction. The most important was the revision of the secondary armament from eight and five guns to eleven 6-inch guns and additional light guns. Only two ships were originally planned, but a third was ordered to keep the Baltic Works shipyard gainfully employed until a new design could be prepared. Ironically, it was completed before the second ship, despite having been laid down over three years later.〔McLaughlin 2003, pp. 107, 109–110〕 The ''Peresvet''-class ships were long overall, with a beam of and a draft of . Designed to displace , they were overweight and actually displaced . To reduce biofouling, the hulls of the first two ships were sheathed with wood and copper, but this was eliminated in ''Pobeda'' to reduce weight. They had a partial double bottom and the hull was divided by 10 watertight transverse bulkheads; a centerline bulkhead divided the forward engine rooms. Their crew consisted of 27 officers and 744 enlisted men.〔McLaughlin 2003, pp. 107–10〕 The ships were powered by three vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam generated by 30 Belleville boilers. The engines were rated at , using forced draft, and designed to reach a top speed of . All three ships slightly exceeded their specifications and reached top speeds of from during their sea trials. They carried a maximum of of coal which allowed them to steam for at a speed of . Their electrical equipment consisted of four steam-driven dynamos with a total capacity of .〔McLaughlin 2003, pp. 107–08, 114〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Peresvet-class battleship」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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